近年来,设计用于量子计算机或其他专业硬件的优化算法引起了研究的兴趣。这些求解器中的许多只能优化二进制和二次形式的问题。因此,二次不受约束的二进制优化(QUBO)是这些求解器使用的常见公式。有许多组合优化问题自然表示为排列,例如旅行推销员问题。但是,使用二进制变量编码置换问题,但是提出了一些挑战。许多QUBO求解器是单个翻转求解器,因此可以生成无法解码为有效置换的解决方案。为了产生产生可行解决方案的偏见,我们使用惩罚权重。为各种类型问题设定静态罚重的过程并不是微不足道的。这是因为太小的值会导致求解器返回不可行的解决方案,而太大的值可能会导致收敛速度较慢。在这项研究中,我们探讨了在QUBO配方中设置惩罚权重的一些方法。我们提出了新的静态方法来计算惩罚权重,这比现有方法更有希望的结果。
translated by 谷歌翻译
In more recent years, there has been increasing research interest in exploiting the use of application specific hardware for solving optimisation problems. Examples of solvers that use specialised hardware are IBM's Quantum System One and D-wave's Quantum Annealer (QA) and Fujitsu's Digital Annealer (DA). These solvers have been developed to optimise problems faster than traditional meta-heuristics implemented on general purpose machines. Previous research has shown that these solvers (can optimise many problems much quicker than exact solvers such as GUROBI and CPLEX. Such conclusions have not been made when comparing hardware solvers with classical evolutionary algorithms. Making a fair comparison between traditional evolutionary algorithms, such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), and the DA (or other similar solvers) is challenging because the later benefits from the use of application specific hardware while evolutionary algorithms are often implemented on general-purpose machines. Moreover, quantum or quantum-inspired solvers are limited to solving problems in a specific format. A common formulation used is Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimisation (QUBO). Many optimisation problems are however constrained and have natural representations that are non-binary. Converting such problems to QUBO can lead to more problem difficulty and/or larger search space. The question addressed in this paper is whether quantum or quantum-inspired solvers can optimise QUBO transformations of combinatorial optimisation problems faster than classical evolutionary algorithms applied to the same problems in their natural representations. We show that the DA often present better average objective function values than GA on Travelling Salesman, Quadratic Assignment and Multi-dimensional Knapsack Problem instances.
translated by 谷歌翻译
在康复任务期间,实施了现有混合中风康复方案的线性模型的比例迭代学习控制(P-ILC)。由于P-ILC的瞬时误差生长问题,包括学习派生的约束控制器,以确保每个试验中受控系统不会超过预定义的速度极限。为此,开发了机器人最终效应器相互作用与中风受试者(植物)的线性传递函数模型以及对刺激控制器的肌肉反应。 0-0.3 m范围的直线点点轨迹是工厂,进料和反馈刺激控制器的参考任务空间轨迹。在每个试验中,基于SAT的有界误差导数ILC算法是学习约束控制器。开发并模拟了三个控制配置。使用根均值平方误差(RMSE)和归一化的RMSE评估系统性能。在不同的ILC增益超过16次迭代时,当组合对照构型时,将获得0.0060 m的位移误差。
translated by 谷歌翻译
语言模型预训练的最新进展利用大规模数据集创建多语言模型。但是,这些数据集中大多遗漏了低资源语言。这主要是因为网络上没有很好地表示口语,因此被排除在用于创建数据集的大规模爬网中。此外,这些模型的下游用户仅限于最初选择用于预训练的语言的选择。这项工作调查了如何最佳利用现有的预培训模型来为16种非洲语言创建低资源翻译系统。我们关注两个问题:1)如何将预训练的模型用于初始预培训中未包含的语言? 2)生成的翻译模型如何有效地转移到新域?为了回答这些问题,我们创建了一个新的非洲新闻语料库,涵盖16种语言,其中8种语言不属于任何现有评估数据集的一部分。我们证明,将两种语言转移到其他语言和其他领域的最有效策略是,以少量的高质量翻译数据微调大型预训练模型。
translated by 谷歌翻译